{"id":2600,"date":"2023-12-11T09:51:01","date_gmt":"2023-12-11T09:51:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/zajimave-dotazy\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\/"},"modified":"2023-12-11T09:51:01","modified_gmt":"2023-12-11T09:51:01","slug":"kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru","status":"publish","type":"questions","link":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/cs\/zajimave-dotazy\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\/","title":{"rendered":"Kde najdu seznam kodifikovan\u00fdch vzor\u016f?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Nic takov\u00e9ho jako kodifikovan\u00fd (\u010di jakkoli jinak stanoven\u00fd) soupis vzor\u016f neexistuje. P\u0159edm\u011btem kodifikace je nap\u0159. sklo\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di \u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho slova nebo cel\u00e9 skupiny slov, ne v\u0161ak to, kter\u00e9 slovo se p\u0159i jejich oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvat jako n\u00e1vodn\u00e9. Vzory jsou zam\u00fd\u0161leny jen jako u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 pom\u016fcka, jak na z\u00e1klad\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdch tvar\u016f odvodit tvary nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 \u010di nejist\u00e9. Z\u0159ejm\u00e9 to bude na p\u0159\u00edkladu: Podle st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed kodifikace je nap\u0159. u&nbsp;podstatn\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na <em>diabetolog <\/em>v&nbsp;2.&nbsp;p\u00e1d\u011b jednotn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla noremn\u00ed tvar <em>diabetologa <\/em>(a&nbsp;ne t\u0159eba <em>*diabetologe<\/em> nebo <em>*diabetology<\/em>). Kodifikace v\u0161ak ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1, jestli je n\u00e1le\u017eit\u00e9 dosp\u011bt k&nbsp;tomuto tvaru pomoc\u00ed stejn\u011b sklo\u0148ovan\u00e9ho slova <em>p\u00e1n<\/em>, <em>had<\/em> \u010di nap\u0159. <em>student<\/em> nebo \u00fapln\u011b jinak, t\u0159eba bez opory v&nbsp;jak\u00e9mkoli vzorov\u00e9m slovu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>To, \u017ee se ve v\u00fduce \u010de\u0161tiny p\u0159i tvaroslovn\u00fdch rozborech \u010dasto ur\u010duje nap\u0159. u&nbsp;podstatn\u00fdch jmen vzor spolu s&nbsp;gramatick\u00fdmi kategoriemi (rodem, \u010d\u00edslem a&nbsp;p\u00e1dem), je d\u00e1no didaktickou tradic\u00ed. Tradic\u00ed a&nbsp;spole\u010densko-politick\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem je pak ovlivn\u011bn i&nbsp;souhrn vzorov\u00fdch slov, kter\u00e1 zastupuj\u00ed oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch skupin slov. Zhruba p\u0159ed sto lety uv\u00e1d\u011bla Gebauerova Mluvnice \u010desk\u00e1 pro \u0161koly st\u0159edn\u00ed a&nbsp;\u00fastavy u\u010ditelsk\u00e9 (zpracovan\u00e1 V\u00e1clavem Ertlem, uv\u00e1d\u00edme podle vyd\u00e1n\u00ed I.&nbsp;d\u00edlu z&nbsp;roku 1926) takov\u00fdto seznam vzor\u016f pro sklo\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed podstatn\u00fdch jmen: had, or\u00e1\u010d, Ji\u0159\u00ed, sluha, soudce, hrad, me\u010d, k\u00e1men, loket; \u017eena, du\u0161e, pan\u00ed, kost, tykev; m\u011bsto, mo\u0159e, znamen\u00ed, r\u00e1m\u011b, ku\u0159e. Z&nbsp;ideologick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f a\/nebo kv\u016fli zastaralosti n\u011bkter\u00fdch slov se seznam n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t obm\u011bnil do dne\u0161n\u00ed obvykl\u00e9 podoby: p\u00e1n, mu\u017e, p\u0159edseda, soudce, hrad, stroj; \u017eena, r\u016f\u017ee, p\u00edse\u0148, kost; m\u011bsto, mo\u0159e, ku\u0159e, staven\u00ed (tak ho uv\u00e1d\u00ed u\u017e \u010cesk\u00e1 mluvnice Bohuslava Havr\u00e1nka a&nbsp;Aloise Jedli\u010dky z&nbsp;roku 1981).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zdroje se od tohoto tradi\u010dn\u00edho souboru vzor\u016f odkl\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed. Nap\u0159. Mluvnice sou\u010dasn\u00e9 \u010de\u0161tiny 1 (2015) op\u0159en\u00e1 o&nbsp;zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b jazykov\u00fdch korpus\u016f uv\u00e1d\u00ed oproti dosud tradi\u010dn\u00edm vzor\u016fm slova had (nam\u00edsto tradi\u010dn\u00edho p\u00e1n), t\u00e1ta (p\u0159edseda), list (hrad) a&nbsp;du\u0161e (r\u016f\u017ee), nad jejich r\u00e1mec i&nbsp;samostatn\u00fd vzor cyklus. V&nbsp;\u010dase se tedy m\u011bn\u00ed jak po\u010detnost z\u00e1kladn\u00edho seznamu, tak konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed vzorov\u00e1 slova. Lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee alternativn\u00edch seznam\u016f se bude \u010dasem v&nbsp;gramatik\u00e1ch \u010di v\u00fdukov\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch objevovat v\u00edc. Budou-li op\u0159en\u00e9 o&nbsp;rozumn\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria, z&nbsp;lingvistick\u00e9ho hlediska u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00fdch vzor\u016f nic nebr\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159. Petr Strossa v&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/asjournals.lib.cas.cz\/naserec\/article\/uuid:e8ed0e43-dc25-41f1-9837-9671444c24da\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u010dl\u00e1nku v&nbsp;Na\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u010di z&nbsp;roku 2019<\/a> uv\u00e1d\u00ed dv\u011b z\u00e1kladn\u00ed krit\u00e9ria pro v\u00fdb\u011br vzor\u016f: 1.&nbsp;Vzorov\u00e1 slova maj\u00ed b\u00fdt b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 (srozumiteln\u00e1). 2.&nbsp;Jejich kmen m\u00e1 kon\u010dit na souhl\u00e1sku, u&nbsp;n\u00ed\u017e bude jednozna\u010dn\u00e9, zda se po n\u00ed p\u00ed\u0161e <em>i\/y<\/em> (tedy na souhl\u00e1sku m\u011bkkou nebo m\u011bk\u010d\u00edc\u00ed se). V&nbsp;podn\u011btech sm\u011brem k&nbsp;mo\u017en\u00fdm \u00faprav\u00e1m tradi\u010dn\u00edho seznamu pak zohled\u0148uje dal\u0161\u00ed krit\u00e9rium: Vzor by m\u011bl pln\u011b reprezentovat velkou skupinu konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch slov. Nap\u0159. vzor p\u00e1n je sice slovo b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 a&nbsp;dob\u0159e odli\u0161uje t\u0159eba tvary <em>p\u00e1ni <\/em>a&nbsp;<em>p\u00e1ny<\/em>, ale je specifick\u00fd sv\u00fdm kr\u00e1cen\u00edm v&nbsp;5.&nbsp;p\u00e1d\u011b jednotn\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla (<em>p\u00e1n<\/em>\u2013<em>pane<\/em>) a&nbsp;jeho dv\u011b koncovky v&nbsp;1.&nbsp;p\u00e1d\u011b mno\u017en\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla (<em>p\u00e1ni<\/em>, <em>p\u00e1nov\u00e9<\/em>) tak\u00e9 neplat\u00ed pro mnoho slov, kter\u00e1 pod n\u011bj spadaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>U\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1hled z&nbsp;jin\u00e9 strany p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed u\u010debnice \u010de\u0161tiny pro nerodil\u00e9 mluv\u010d\u00ed. Jim by standardn\u00ed soubor mnoho u\u017eitku nep\u0159inesl, vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou slova srozumiteln\u00e1 v&nbsp;mnoha r\u016fzn\u00fdch jazyc\u00edch, pou\u017eiteln\u00e1 v&nbsp;b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch komunika\u010dn\u00edch situac\u00edch a&nbsp;snadno spojiteln\u00e1 s&nbsp;dal\u0161\u00edmi b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi v\u00fdrazy, nap\u0159. pro p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na modern\u00ed nam\u00edsto jarn\u00ed. Proto tyto u\u010debnice pracuj\u00ed s&nbsp;takov\u00fdmi vzory podstatn\u00fdch jmen, jako jsou nap\u0159. student (p\u00e1n), kolega (p\u0159edseda), \u010daj nebo po\u010d\u00edta\u010d (stroj), pr\u00e1ce (r\u016f\u017ee), tramvaj (p\u00edse\u0148), radost (kost) nebo raj\u010de (ku\u0159e).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>od&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"d_\/jazykova-poradna\/zajimave-dotazy\/230731-zajimave-dotazy-kodifikovane-vzory.html\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-2600","questions","type-questions","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kde najdu seznam kodifikovan\u00fdch vzor\u016f? - \u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kde najdu seznam kodifikovan\u00fdch vzor\u016f? - \u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nic takov\u00e9ho jako kodifikovan\u00fd (\u010di jakkoli jinak stanoven\u00fd) soupis vzor\u016f neexistuje. P\u0159edm\u011btem kodifikace je nap\u0159. sklo\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di \u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho slova nebo cel\u00e9 skupiny slov, ne v\u0161ak to, kter\u00e9 slovo se p\u0159i jejich oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvat jako n\u00e1vodn\u00e9. Vzory jsou zam\u00fd\u0161leny jen jako u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 pom\u016fcka, jak na z\u00e1klad\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdch tvar\u016f odvodit tvary nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 \u010di nejist\u00e9. Z\u0159ejm\u00e9 [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Odhadovan\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minuty\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\\\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\\\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\\\/\",\"name\":\"Kde najdu seznam kodifikovan\u00fdch vzor\u016f? - \u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.cz\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-12-11T09:51:01+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\\\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\\\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\\\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.cz\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 dotazy\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Kde najdu seznam kodifikovan\u00fdch vzor\u016f?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.cz\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.cz\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd\",\"description\":\"Akademie v\u011bd \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.cz\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.cz\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"cs\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.cz\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.cz\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.cz\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/07\\\/ksj-logo.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.cz\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/07\\\/ksj-logo.svg\",\"width\":55,\"height\":63,\"caption\":\"\u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ujc.microshop.cz\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Kde najdu seznam kodifikovan\u00fdch vzor\u016f? - \u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd","robots":{"index":"noindex","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"og_locale":"cs_CZ","og_type":"article","og_title":"Kde najdu seznam kodifikovan\u00fdch vzor\u016f? - \u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd","og_description":"Nic takov\u00e9ho jako kodifikovan\u00fd (\u010di jakkoli jinak stanoven\u00fd) soupis vzor\u016f neexistuje. P\u0159edm\u011btem kodifikace je nap\u0159. sklo\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di \u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho slova nebo cel\u00e9 skupiny slov, ne v\u0161ak to, kter\u00e9 slovo se p\u0159i jejich oh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvat jako n\u00e1vodn\u00e9. Vzory jsou zam\u00fd\u0161leny jen jako u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 pom\u016fcka, jak na z\u00e1klad\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdch tvar\u016f odvodit tvary nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 \u010di nejist\u00e9. Z\u0159ejm\u00e9 [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\/","og_site_name":"\u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Odhadovan\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed":"4 minuty"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\/","url":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\/","name":"Kde najdu seznam kodifikovan\u00fdch vzor\u016f? - \u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-12-11T09:51:01+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"cs","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\/kde-najdu-seznam-kodifikovanych-vzoru\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 dotazy","item":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.czzajimave-dotazy\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Kde najdu seznam kodifikovan\u00fdch vzor\u016f?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/","name":"\u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd","description":"Akademie v\u011bd \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"cs"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/#organization","name":"\u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd","url":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cs","@id":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ksj-logo.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/ksj-logo.svg","width":55,"height":63,"caption":"\u00dastav pro jazyk \u010desk\u00fd"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions\/2600","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/questions"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/questions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ujc.microshop.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2600"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}